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Participación de estudiantes de Negocios Internacionales (UNAM)
INVESTIGACIÓN
Y DESARROLLO INSTITUCIONAL

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BICENTENARIO DE LA INDEPENDENCIA DE BOLIVIA (1825-2025)
COYUNTURA
POLÍTICA
BOLIVIANA
RECENSIÓN DE INFORMACIÓN PERIODÍSTICA
SOBRE
MARCELO QUIROGA
SANTA CRUZ
Desde agosto del 2025




7 de agosto
del 2025
Fuerzas Armadas
de Bolivia:
45 años de impune tortura, asesinato y "desaparición" de los restos mortales de Marcelo Quiroga Santa Cruz (17 de julio de 1980)
CRISIS (TAMBIÉN)
DE LA MEMORIA HISTÓRICA BOLIVIANA
El medio digital Visión 360 realizó una encuesta para el bicentenario de Bolivia. Contra los resultados publicados el 3 de agosto, la portada del suplemento sobre política nacional excluye a quien habría sido mencionado como el individuo más destacado, cuyos valores habría que seguir. Figuran imágenes de seis civiles: Paz Estenssoro, Palenque Avilés, Paz Zamora, Reyes Villa, Morales Ayma y Quispe Huanca.
Para el resto de medios de prensa y suplementos de la fecha, así como instituciones reunidas, Marcelo Quiroga Santa Cruz no dejó una obra literaria o política que merezca destacarse; su nombre brilló (también) por su ausencia.
(Véase nota de prensa referida en recuadro con imagen de Quiroga Santa Cruz).
17 de agosto del 2025
ELECCIONES GENERALES DE BOLIVIA
RESULTADO INESPERADO PARA LA DERECHA POLÍTICA TRADICIONAL
Triunfa el candidato de PDC, Rodrigo Paz Pereira junto a Edman Lara para la vicepresidencia (32%), sobre la candidatura derechista del viejo sistema político, LIBRE de Jorge Quiroga Ramírez (27%) y sobre el favorito de las encuestas y las élites tradicionales de UNIDAD, Samuel Doria Medina (20%). La segunda vuelta se realizará en octubre; el binomio favorito parece ser el ganador de la primera.
El gobernante MAS en sus dos versiones, la oficialista del actual presidente Luis Arce Catacora (3.2%) y la del prófugo de la justicia Evo Morales Ayma, mediante operadores suyos en segunda línea del candidato Andrónico Rodríguez (8.0%), alcanza apenas una sola banca de 166 en toda la Asamblea Plurinacional.

Today is the shore of so much glory, oblivion.
Jorge Luis Borges,
abandoned poem line
In oblivion and not in memory we find Marcelo Quiroga Santa Cruz; the shore we can see is in the past. Here you will find hundreds, no, thousands of unattended pages; written and audiovisual documents rescued and organized so that one day, a little less distant today, oblivion becomes memory, then understanding and, finally, the realization of a collective history.

General cemetery of the city of La Paz-Bolivia
We constitute ourselves asself-employed
of the global public sphere,to incorporate into its various nuances that of thelocal history of the Bolivian people.
We do it in tribute
to the memory of the democratic and emancipatory praxis ofMarcelo Quiroga Santa Cruz, whose intellectual legacy
and heritage of struggle we preserve and organizeto look at the entire American continent, accompanying from here and now, the peoples and workers who resist with the feeling for those who are no longer, the dark design of inequality and exclusion of the system of global capitalist domination.
Last statement to Radio Panamericana de La Paz, minutes before going to the headquarters of the Central Obrera Boliviana (COB) for the emergency meeting of the National Council for the Defense of Democracy (CONADE), on July 17, 1980:

Marcelo Quiroga-Santa Cruz
Cristina Wheat Viana

"The wounded Marcelo was taken to the General Staff (the Bolivian military and mercenaries who assaulted the Central Obrera Boliviana), where he was savagely tortured while still alive."
Documented by the German magazineStern(1984), to which the soldiers themselves sold photos of the corpse of the socialist leader. AlsoAmericas Watch("The García Meza Tejada Trial", 1993) denounced that Argentine officers who were experts in torture instructed the agents of the Special Security Service (SES) of Bolivia, intervening in the ordeal to which Quiroga Santa Cruz was subjected.

This novel "from memory", notes Virginia Ayllón on the back cover of the book, whose cover illustrates the "Rectoral Garden in Spring" (oil painting by van Gogh, 1884). Cristina addresses the unnameable of blood, around a youthful poem by Marcelo Quiroga Santa Cruz.
La Paz, Plural editors, 2006, 352 pgs.

Bolivian artist Luis Zilveti, based in Paris, sent Cristina Trigo an image of the "Marcelo tree" in that city, painted a portrait of Quiroga Santa Cruz that Cristina kept in her living room, and made a drawing for the cover from the book by Giancarla ZabalagaThe lives of the uninhabited(in our Documentation Center).

COME IN/VIEWSof1980 about the dispute of twodemocracy projects in Latin America
Original text with handwritten notes from the interviewee.

Gerhard Desombre interview forweeklyWochenpostof the former German Democratic Republic (GDR), February 15, 1980.


Soledad con proyecciones
"No ignoro ese juicio, originado y difundido por la derecha, que me atribuye una personalidad acentuadamente individualista y desdeñosa. Quienes, de buena fe, acogen esta idea, confunden la intransigencia en la defensa de los principios irrenunciables, con el orgullo. Cuando la cobardía moral hace presa de una colectividad cualquiera, el valor civil de una persona se confunde con el desplante. Cuando la corrupción se generaliza, la honradez se confunde con el desinterés económico, sin mérito, porque se estaría en condiciones de prescindir del soborno o el robo. Cuando los conductores políticos mudan de aliados y de principios, con la frecuencia con que cambian de ropa, se confunde la consecuencia con la soberbia. Cuando el temor o el envilecimiento degrada a los hombres a la condición de invertebrados, que alguien conserve y haga uso de su columna vertebral, parece algo insoportable".
Interview in Cochabamba on the elections of the 1st. July 1979. The fronts of the MNR and the UDP, indistinguishable in their political project from that of the Armed Forces and meeting in a confidential manner with the coup military High Command:

Invited by Radio News of the Continent (RNC),Through a letter sent from San José, Costa Rica, the Bolivian socialist leader took stock of the elections and sent a message of unwavering faith to the peoples of Latin America.
On June 30, 1980, general elections were held in Bolivia for the third time in three years (1978, 1979, 1980), giving a quantitative victory to the Democratic and Popular Unity (political front with a centrist position) and an ideological-political victory to the Partido Popular. Socialist-1 led by Quiroga Santa Cruz.
"A message of limitless faith in the destiny of our common struggle..."
Interviewed in Mexico City by the Argentine journalist and exile Elsa Jascalevich, who previously asked the Bolivian socialist leader how he defined himself politically. That time Quiroga Santa Cruz replied: "What I have done and am going to do will be strictly consistent with a final objective: the substitution of an exploitative regime for another in which social justice is possible."
(Unomasuno Newspaper, Mexico City, December 4, 1977).

At the beginning of 1981, after the massacre of several leaders of the Revolutionary Left Movement (MIR), who had remained in the country resisting the military dictatorship installed in 1980, the Bolivian journalist Juan Carlos Salazar recalled from the Uruguayan weekly Marcha ("El coup blanco de Banzer", no. 11, January-February 1981), the possible drifts of the democratic closure that Quiroga Santa Cruz had foreseen before being assassinated.

WHOWAS/IS/WILL

Marcelo Quiroga Santa Cruz nació en la ciudad de Cochabamba-Bolivia, el 13 de marzo de 1931


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GUARANTEES OF MILITARY IMPUNITY
Evo Morales and Álvaro García governed for 14 years (2006-2019) denying the existence of files from the dictatorships and promising Cristina Trigo to find the remains of her husband. For the last 4 years, officials such as Nila Heredia and Edgar Ramírez (photo) led a Truth Commission, whose report presented by President Luis Arce (2022) does not clarify anything. Military impunity with the MAS exacerbates that of previous neoliberal regimes, including that of Gen. Hugo Banzer Suárez, main interested in the untried crime.
Photo Bolivian Information Agency (ABI).